Design and Build a Defibrillator with Low Joules Equipped Synchronous and Asynchronous Mode

Abstract

Ventricular Fibrillation is a rhythm commonly observed at the onset of cardiac arrest, while Ventricular Tachycardia results from electrical disturbances in the heart that control the pumping motion of the ventricles. In the latter case, the ventricles beat too rapidly compared to their usual rate. Both Ventricular Fibrillation and Ventricular Tachycardia contribute to heart function failure, and if left untreated, they can lead to death. One approach to addressing this issue involves delivering energy in the form of electrical shocks of specific magnitude. The objective of this research is to design a defibrillator module capable of generating electrical shock energy and equipped with synchronous and asynchronous modes. The key contributions of this study are as follows: 1. Defibrillation Mode (Asynchronous): By pressing the discharge button, the system can perform defibrillation. In this mode, the discharge occurs asynchronously. 2. Cardioversion Mode (Synchronous): Pressing the discharge button initiates cardioversion. Additionally, the system synchronizes with the available BPM (beats per minute) monitoring feature. The research employs the AD8232 EKG module for EKG signal acquisition, enabling the calculation of BPM. Other components include the Arduino Atmega for device processing, capacitors with specific capacitance for temporary energy storage, and a 2.8-inch TFT NEXTION display for user interface and settings. For further investigation, enhancing the EKG signal display, adjusting energy levels, and incorporating battery power for portability are potential avenues of exploration.